Ibiranga Indimi nyinshi ku Isi n’Uko Zikoreshwa

Umutwe w'Ingingo

Indimi Zikoreshwa ku Rwego rw’Isi / Indimi Shingiro mu Mvano mpuzamahanga

Izi ndimi zikoreshwa cyane mu nzego z’amahanga, mu by’ubucuruzi mpuzamahanga, mu bushakashatsi, no mu byanditswe ku murongo.

1. Icyongereza - Ururimi rw’amahanga rukoreshwa cyane ku isi, rukoreshwa mu by’ubucuruzi, mu bukoresha, mu mvano y’amahanga, mu mashuri makuru, no ku murongo.
2. Igishinwa (Igishinwa cyo mu gice cyo hagati) - Ururimi rw’ibanze ruvugwa cyane ku isi, ururimi rw’ibanze muri Chine na Singapore, rushobora gukoreshwa cyane mu by’ubucuruzi n’imvano y’amahanga.
3. Icyesipanyoli - Ururimi rw’ibanze rukubiyemo abantu benshi ku isi, rukoreshwa muri Espanye, mu bice byinshi by’Amerika y’Epfo, no mu bice runaka bya Amerika.
4. Igifaransa - Ururimi rw’ibanze rw’inzego z’amahanga (Umuryango w’Abibumbye, Umuryango w’Uburayi, n’izindi), rukoreshwa muri Faransa, muri Kanada, mu bihugu byinshi bya Afurika no mu mvano y’amahanga.
5. Icyarabu - Ururimi rw’ibanze mu bihugu by’Abayisilamu no mu bihugu byo mu Burasirazuba bwo hagati, ururimi rw’ibanze rw’Umuryango w’Abibumbye, rufite agaciro mu by’idini n’ubukungu.

Indimi Zikoreshwa mu Nzego n’Ibihugu by’Ubukungu

Zikoreshwa cyane mu nzego runaka cyangwa mu bihugu by’ubukungu.

6. Igiporutugali - Ururimi rw’ibanze muri Burezile, Porutugali n’ibihugu byinshi bya Afurika, ururimi rw’agaciro mu Gice cyo Hagati.
7. Igirusiya - Ururimi rukoreshwa muri Rusiya, mu bice runaka by’Amajyepfo y’Uburayi, n’ururimi rw’ingenzi mu bihugu bya Komoniwele y’Abasovyeti ba kera.
8. Igiyama - Ururimi rw’ibanze mu bihugu by’Uburayi (Ubudage, Ositiriya, Ubusuwisi), ururimi rw’agaciro mu by’ubuhanga n’ubumenyi.
9. Ikiyapani - Ururimi rw’ibanze mu gihugu cya Japani, rufite ingaruka ku isi mu by’ubukoresha, mu by’amakinamico n’amasanamu, no mu by’ubucuruzi.
10. Igihindi - Ururimi ruvugwa cyane muri Inde, ururimi rw’ibanze hamwe n’Icyongereza.

Indimi Zikoreshwa mu Bihugu n’Izifite Ubugeni

Zikoreshwa mu bihugu by’abantu benshi cyangwa mu bihugu bifite ubugeni bwinshi.

11. Icyabangali - Ururimi rw’ibanze mu gihugu cya Bangaladeshi, ururimi rw’ibanze mu karere ka Bengal no mu gihugu cya Bengal mu majyaruguru muri Inde.
12. Icyurudu - Ururimi rw’ibanze mu gihugu cya Pakistan, rusanga n’Igihindi mu mvugo ariko ritandukanye mu nyandiko.
13. Igipanjabi - Ururimi rw’ibanze mu gihugu cya Punjab muri Pakistan no mu gihugu cya Punjab muri Inde.
14. Ikieyetinamu - Ururimi rw’ibanze mu gihugu cya Viyetinamu.
15. Ikithayi - Ururimi rw’ibanze mu gihugu cya Tayilande.
16. Igiturukiya - Ururimi rw’ibanze mu gihugu cya Turukiya na Shipure.
17. Igiparisi - Ururimi rw’ibanze cyangwa rw’ibanze rukoreshwa mu gihugu cya Irani, Afuganisitani (Ikidari), na Tayikisitani (Igitajiki).
18. Igikoreya - Ururimi rw’ibanze mu gihugu cya Koreya y’Amajyepfo na Koreya y’Amajyaruguru.
19. Igitaliyani - Ururimi rw’ibanze mu gihugu cya Ubutaliyani, Ubusuwisi, n’ibindi, rufite ingaruka mu by’ubuhanzi n’umuziki.
20. Igiholandi - Ururimi rw’ibanze mu gihugu cya Holandi, Ububiligi (Ikifirimani), kandi ni ururimi rw’ibanze muri Suriname na Aruba.
21. Igipolonye - Ururimi rw’ibanze mu gihugu cya Polonye, ururimi rw’agaciro mu majyepfo y’Uburayi.

Indimi Zikoreshwa mu Nzego Runaka n’Amoko

Zikoreshwa cyane mu bihugu runaka, mu matsinda runaka, cyangwa mu nzego runaka.

• Indimi z’Amajyaruguru y’Uburayi: Igisuwedu, Ikidaninwa, Ikinoruveji, Igifinilande, Ikilandike.
• Indimi z’ibanze mu majyepfo y’Uburengerazuba bwa Asiya: Ikinyendoziya, Ikimalayi, Ikinyafilipine (Igitagalogi), Ikibirimaniya, Igi Kambodiya, Ikilawoti.
• Izindi ndimi z’ibanze mu majyepfo y’Asiya: Ikitelugu, Ikitamili, Ikimarati, Ikigujarati, Ikinanada, Ikimalayalami, Ikiodyia, Ikiyasami, Ikisinhala (mu gihugu cya Sri Lanka), Ikinepali.
• Indimi z’Amajyepfo y’Uburayi n’i Balkan: Ikiyukereni, Ikiromaniya, Igiceke, Ikihigari, Igiseribiya, Ikikorowasiya, Ikibuligariya, Ikigereki, Ikilibaniya, Igisilovaki, Igisiloveniya, Ikilituwaniya, Ikilataviya, Ikilestoniya, n’izindi.
• Indimi z’Amajyepfo y’Asiya n’i Kaukaze: Ikiyuzubeki, Ikikazakisitani, Ikikirigisi, Ikitajiki, Ikiturukimeni, Ikimongoli, Ikijeworujiya, Ikiyarumeniya.
• Indimi z’Amajyaruguru y’Uburasirazuba bwo hagati: Ikiheburu (mu gihugu cya Isirayeli), Ikikuridi, Ikipasito (mu gihugu cya Afuganisitani), Ikisindhi.
• Indimi z’ibanze mu Afurika (bitewe n’akarere):
  • Amajyaruguru y’Uburasirazuba: Ikiswahili (ururimi rukoreshwa mu karere), Ikiamahari (mu gihugu cya Etiyopiya), Ikiyoromo, Ikitigirinya, Ikinyarwanda, Ikiluganda.
  • Amajyaruguru y’Uburasirazuba: Ikihawusa (ururimi rukoreshwa mu karere), Ikiyoruba, Ikiyigibo, Ikifulani, Ikiwolofu, Ikiyakan, Ikiewi.
  • Amajyepfo y’Afurika: Ikizulu, Ikikosa, Ikisoto, Ikitswana, Ikishona, Ikichewa (mu gihugu cya Malawi).
  • Madagasikari: Ikimalagasi.

Indimi Zifite Ibanga Runaka cyangwa Zikoreshwa mu Bihe Runaka

22. Ikilatini - Ururimi rw’igitabo n’ururimi rw’amashuri makuru, ururimi rw’idini mu Kiliziya Gatolika, ururimi rwanditswe mu by’ubumenyi, mu mategeko, no mu by’ubushakashatsi, ntirusanzwe gukoreshwa mu mvugo.
23. Ikigereki ki kera - Ururimi rw’igitabo n’ururimi rw’amashuri makuru, ururimi rw’ingenzi mu bushakashatsi bw’amategeko n’amateka, ubumenyi, n’inyandiko y’Isezerano Rishya, ntirusanzwe gukoreshwa mu mvugo.
24. Ikibaski - Ururimi rukoreshwa mu karere runaka, rukoreshwa mu karere ka Baski kuri metero y’Espanye na Faransa, nta rurindi rurimi rusangiye urwego.
25. Ikiwelisi, Ikirilandi, Igigaluwa cy’Ekosi - Indimi z’Abaserukande, zikoreshwa mu bihugu runaka (Welisi, Irilandi, Ekosi), zifite uburenganzira mu mategeko kandi zikomeza kuzigenga.
26. Ikinyatibeti, Ikiuyguru - Indimi z’ibanze z’amoko runaka mu gihugu cya Chine, zikoreshwa cyane mu gihugu cya Tibet n’igihugu cya Xinjiang.
27. Ikipasito - Ururimi rumwe mu ndimi ebyiri z’ibanize mu gihugu cya Afuganisitani, kandi ni ururimi rw’agaciro mu majyaruguru y’Uburasirazuba bwa Pakistan.

Urutonde rw’Ibihamya (Uko Bikoreshwa)

Iherezo

Agaciro k’ururimi kirushaho kuba gikomeye bitewe n’ibintu nyinshi nk’umubare w’abantu, ubukungu, umuco, n’amateka. Iyi ngingo igamije kugenera urutonde rw’indimi ku isi zikoreshwa bitewe n’ibyabaye. Ni byiza kuba wamenye neza ibyo ururimi runaka rushobora gukora, byoroshye kuvugana n’abantu bo mu bihugu bitandukanye.